{"id":1958,"date":"2023-02-07T10:07:29","date_gmt":"2023-02-07T10:07:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.karotidnahirurgija.com\/?page_id=1958"},"modified":"2023-02-24T10:55:44","modified_gmt":"2023-02-24T10:55:44","slug":"3-patofiziologija-cerebralne-ishemije-za-hirurga","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.karotidnahirurgija.com\/?page_id=1958","title":{"rendered":"4. KLASIFIKACIJA CEREBROVASKULARNIH BOLESTI"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"
\n\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

KLASIFIKACIJA
CEREBROVASKULARNIH BOLESTI<\/h1>\n

<\/a><\/h1>\n

\n

I could be bound in the nutschell, and call myself a king of indefinit space.<\/p>\n

W.Shakespeare<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Cerebrovaskularne bolesti<\/strong> su poreme\u0107aji kod kojih je jedan ili vi\u0161e krvnih sudova mozga primarno o\u0161te\u0107en patolo\u0161kim procesom, a deo mozga ili ceo mozak prolazno ili trajno o\u0161te\u0107en ishemijom ili krvavljenjem. Cerebrovaskularne bolesti su u oko 80% slu\u010dajeva ishemijske geneze, a oko 20% uzroka \u010dini hemoragija (intracerabralna i\/ili subarahnoidalna).<\/p>\n

Cerebralna ishemija<\/strong> podrazumeva funkcionalne i organske lezije mozga koje nastaju zbog prolazne ili trajne nedovoljne perfuzije mozga.<\/p>\n

Etiologija<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>cerebralne<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>ishemije<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Oboljenja<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>arterija<\/b><\/span>;<\/span> <\/span>okluzivna<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>arterijska<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>bolest<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>(arterioskleroza<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>\u010dini<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>vi\u0161e<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>od<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>95%<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>uzroka)<\/b><\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>fi<\/span>bromuskularna<\/span> <\/span>displazija,<\/span> <\/span>kinking,<\/span> <\/span>coiling,<\/span> <\/span>lupus<\/span> <\/span>erythematodes,<\/span> <\/span>periarteritis<\/span> <\/span>nodosa,<\/span> <\/span>arteritis<\/span> <\/span>cranialis,<\/span> <\/span>Takayashu<\/span> <\/span>arteritis,<\/span> <\/span>uremi\u010dki<\/span> <\/span>arteritis,<\/span> <\/span>sarkoidiza<\/span> <\/span>itd.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Oboljenja<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>srca<\/b><\/span>:<\/span> <\/span>poreme\u0107aji<\/span> <\/span>sr\u010danog<\/span> <\/span>ritma,<\/span> <\/span>treperenje<\/span> <\/span>pretkomora,<\/span> <\/span>infarkt<\/span> <\/span>miokarda<\/span> <\/span>sa<\/span> <\/span>prizidnim<\/span> <\/span>trombom,<\/span> <\/span>kardiomiopatija,<\/span> <\/span>endokarditis,<\/span> <\/span>operacija<\/span> <\/span>srca<\/span> <\/span>sa<\/span> <\/span>ekstrakorporalnom<\/span> <\/span>cirkulacijom.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Kompresija<\/b><\/span>;<\/span> <\/span>egzostoze<\/span> <\/span>i<\/span> <\/span>osteohondroza<\/span> <\/span>vratnih<\/span> <\/span>pr\u0161ljenova,<\/span> <\/span>tumorska<\/span> <\/span>i<\/span> <\/span>o\u017eiljna<\/span> <\/span>kompresija.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Oko<\/span> <\/span>polovinu<\/span> <\/span>pacijenata<\/span> <\/span>hospitalizovanih<\/span> <\/span>zbog<\/span> <\/span>akutnih<\/span> <\/span>neurolo\u0161kih<\/span> <\/span>oboljenja<\/span> <\/span>\u010dine<\/span> <\/span>bolesnici<\/span> <\/span>sa<\/span> <\/span>dijagnozom<\/span> <\/span>mo\u017edanog<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>udara<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>(sinonimi:<\/span> <\/span>\u0161log,<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>Stroke,<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>Schlag,<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>cerebrovaskularni<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>inzult<\/b><\/span>).<\/span> <\/span>Mo\u017edani<\/span> <\/span>udar<\/span> <\/span>pre\u017eivi<\/span> <\/span>6<\/span> <\/span>od<\/span> <\/span>l0<\/span> <\/span>bolesnika,<\/span> <\/span>oko<\/span> <\/span>polovina<\/span> <\/span>kasnije<\/span> <\/span>ima<\/span> <\/span>te\u0161ke<\/span> <\/span>sekvele,<\/span> <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>tre\u0107ina<\/span> <\/span>pacijenata<\/span> <\/span>postaje<\/span> <\/span>nesposobna<\/span> <\/span>za<\/span> <\/span>\u017eivot<\/span> <\/span>bez<\/span> <\/span>tu\u0111e<\/span> <\/span>pomo\u0107i.<\/span><\/p>\n

    ETIOLO\u0160KA<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>KLASIFIKACIJA<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>CEREBRALNOG<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>INSULTA<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

    Ishemi\u010dki<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>cerebralni<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>infarkt<\/b><\/span> <\/b><\/span>(80%)<\/span> <\/span>Cerebralna<\/span> <\/span>embolija<\/span> <\/span>(45%)<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Atero-arterijska embolizacija (40%)<\/li>\n
    • Kardiogena embolizacija (25%)<\/li>\n
    • Cerebralna hipoperfuzija (5%)<\/li>\n
    • Arterijska tromboza (30%) Ekstrakranijalne i cerebralne arterije (15%)<\/li>\n
    • Penetrantne a. (lakunarna lezija) (15%)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Cerebralna hemoragija (20%)<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Intracerebralna hemoragija (8%)<\/li>\n
      • Subarahnoidna hemoragija (10%)<\/li>\n
      • Sub i ekstraduralna hemoragija (2%)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Kriterijum za klasifikaciju cerebrovaskularnih bolesti su:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        • Patoanatomska slika (ishemi\u010dke<\/b> <\/b>i hemoragi\u010dke<\/b> <\/b>lezije),<\/li>\n
        • Patogenetski mehanizam (tromboti\u010dki,<\/b> <\/b>embolijski,<\/b> <\/b>hemodinamski<\/b>),<\/li>\n
        • Topografija (anatomska lokalizacija i veli\u010dina lezije)<\/li>\n
        • Ekstenzivnost i karakter lezija (fokalne<\/b> <\/b>i<\/i> <\/i>globalne)<\/b>,<\/li>\n
        • Klini\u010dko ispoljavanje (asimptomatske<\/b> <\/b>i simptomatske),<\/b><\/li>\n
        • Klini\u010dki tok (akutan<\/b> <\/b>i hroni\u010dan)<\/b>,<\/li>\n
        • Vremensko-dinamsko pona\u0161anje (tranzitorni ishemi\u010dki atak TIA<\/b>, rever- zibilni ishemi\u010dki neurolo\u0161ki deficit RIND<\/b> <\/b>i crescendo<\/b> <\/b>TIA<\/b> <\/b>itd.).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Danas klasifikacija cerebrovaskularnih bolesti uzima u obzir sve navedene kri- terijume i posebno rezultate neuroimid\u017eing ispitivanja (Duplex scann, CT, MRI, MSCT).<\/p>\n

          I Asimptomatska cerebrovaskularna bolest II Fokalni poreme\u0107aji funkcije mozga<\/p>\n

            \n
          • TIA (tranzitorni ishemi\u010dki atak)<\/li>\n
          • Mo\u017edani udari (Stroke)<\/li>\n
          • intracerebralna <\/em><\/li>\n
          • hemoragija <\/em><\/li>\n
          • subarahnoidalna hemoragija<\/em><\/li>\n
          • intracerebralna hemoragija iz arteriovenske malformacije<\/em><\/li>\n
          • ishemi\u010dki infarkt mozg<\/em>a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            III Vaskularne demencije<\/p>\n

            Hipertenzivna encefalopatija<\/p>\n<\/div>\n


            \n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            KLASIFIKACIJACEREBROVASKULARNIH BOLESTI I could be bound in the nutschell, and call myself a king of indefinit space. W.Shakespeare Cerebrovaskularne bolesti su poreme\u0107aji kod kojih je jedan ili vi\u0161e krvnih sudova mozga primarno o\u0161te\u0107en patolo\u0161kim procesom, a deo mozga ili ceo mozak prolazno ili trajno o\u0161te\u0107en ishemijom ili krvavljenjem. Cerebrovaskularne bolesti su u oko 80% slu\u010dajeva […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1958","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n4. 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